伴随着各行各业的衍生，我们会看到各种各样的范文，范文可以为我们平时的生活提供不少帮助，什么样的范文比较高质量？根据你的需要，小编精心整理了英语试讲课件，欢迎阅读，希望大家能够喜欢！

英语试讲课件 篇1

人体工程学[授课老师]:萧喻

[授课班级]:设计(环艺26人[教学目的]:随着人本设计的在现代设计中的加强,设计人性化是衡量设计好与坏的重要标准,因此,人体工程学也就成为我们一门必修的学科,从而掌握人体工程学在具体设计中的运用。

[教学重点与难点]:

1、让学生了解人体工程学不是简单的尺寸问题。

2、人体工程学在设计思维的运用。[教学过程]:具体的教学,先理论讲解,后让学生具体动手设计,再把暴露的问题进行总结,然后再次讲解的循环过程。

[教学方法]:以讲授、演示、练习和课堂讨论相结合。

在室内设计中,我们往往会涉及到两个专业的理论:人体工程学和人因工程学。在装修过程中知道这两个学问中的一些知识是很重要的,有人认为人体工程学和人因工程学属于同一概念。我在此简单给同学阐述和介绍。

一、人体工程学

人体工程学(Ergonomics又叫人体工学或人类工程学,人体工程学是探讨人与环境尺度之间关系的一门学科。人体工程学通过对人类自身生理和心理的认识,并将有关的知识应用在有关的设计中,从而使环境适合人类的行为和需求。对于室内

设计来说,人体工程学的最大课题就是尺寸的问题。通过人体工程学,我们知道,一个人的肩膀宽约在600mm左右,所以当我们要设计一条过道要容纳两个人的就得是1200mm宽。而这条过道仅仅能确保一人行进,一人侧避的情况下,过道就得是900mm宽。在装修家具时,我们知道厨柜需要多高,写字台需要多高,床需要多长,这些数据都不是随意定夺的,而是通过大量的科学数据分析出来的,具有一定的普遍通用性的。人体工程学并不仅仅是提供一个普通性数据的学科,它还是一门优化人类环境的学问,通过它,人们可以设计越来越舒服的沙发和床垫,也能设计出更方便的工作制服。

人体工程学在室内设计中最主要的内容是:

1、人体尺寸;

2、人体作业域;

3、家具设备常见尺寸;

4、建筑尺度规范

5、视觉心理和空间。

人因工程学(HumanFactor,也称人素工程学,人机工程学。人因工程是探讨人类日常生活和工程中的人与工具、环境、设备、用户、机器之间的交互作用的关系,以及如何去设计这些会影响人的事物和环境,以及人在使用这些关系时的心理

和行为习惯。在人因工程中,人是其中的一个子系统,在设计过程中,就是要尽可能使整个系统的各个子系统有很好的配合。通俗点说,就是设计的东西,要在人的能力和本能极限之内,并得以合理使用。我们用电脑时,有时候我们想删掉一个文件,操作后,windows系统会弹出一个警告框问你:确实要把"xxx"放入回收站吗?是/否。我们早年的录音机要录音时,要同时按下两个键才能录音也就是这个原理。它用预先的手法来避免人会容易犯下的错误。在室内设计中也是同样的道理。我们

会设计一种床头靠背,我们会去预测主人会怎么去使用它,假设可能遇上什么麻烦,从而在设计中尽量解决和避免它。

人因工程学在室内设计中最主要的内容是:

1、人体生理特征;

2、累积损伤疾病;

3、作业环境影响(温度、照明、噪音、运动、震动;

4、特殊人群差异;

5、意外和安全。

人体工程学,是室内设计中必不可少的一个专业课程,相对之下,人体工程学的知识要比人因工程学的理论实际和重要一些,掌握更多的科学知识,对于我们来说,总是没有损失的,无论是设计师还是业主,采用科学的知识可以避免不必要的损失和损害,也能使我们的生活更趋美好。让同学了解什么是人体工程学,以及人体工程学在整个环艺专业中的作用,这是我们学习的目的和要求,在教学的过程中,作为重点来强调。

二、人体工程学在家具的运用

家具可不是只要好看就行,还要使用起来舒适方便。现代家具的设计特别强调与人体工程学相结合。人体工程学重视“以人为本”,讲求一切为人服务,强调人类的衣、食、住、行,从人的自身出发,在以人为主体的前提下考虑其他因素。人体工程学已广泛应用于现代的工业产品设计,在家具设计中的应用也正臻成熟。

家具产品本身是为人使用的,所以,家具设计中的尺度,造型、色彩及其布置方式都必须符合人体生理、心理尺度及人体各部分的活动规律,以便达到安全、实用、方便、舒适、美观之目的。人体工程学在家具设计中的应用,就是特别强调家具在使用过程中对人体的生理及心理反应,并对此进行科学的实验和计测,在进行大量分析的基础上为家具设计提供科学的依据。同时,把人的工作、学习、休息等生活行为分解成各种姿势模型,以此为研究家具设计,根据人的立位、坐位和卧位的基准点来规范家具的基本尺度及家具间的相互关系。

具体地说,在家具尺度的设计中,柜类、不带座椅的讲台及桌类的高度设计以人的立位基准点为准;坐位使用的家具,如写字台、餐桌、座椅等以坐位基准点为准;床、沙发床及榻等卧具以卧位基准点为准。如设计座椅高度时,就是以人的坐位(坐骨结节点基准点为准进行测量和设计,高度常定在390mm-420mm之间,因为高度小于380mm,人的膝盖就会拱起引起不舒适的感觉,而且起立时显得困难;高度大于人体下肢长度500mm时,体压分散至大腿部分,使大腿内侧受压,下腿肿胀等。另外,座面的宽度、深度、倾斜度、靠背弯曲度都无不充分考虑了人体的尺度及各部位的活动规律。在柜类家具的深度设计、写字台的高度及容腿空间、床垫的弹性设计等方面也无不以人为主体,从人的生理需要出发。

家具的造型设计、材料的选用及搭配、装饰纹样、色彩图案等则更多地考虑了人的心理需要。如老年人房间的家具造型端庄、典雅、色彩深沉、图案丰富等;青年人房间的家具造型简洁、轻盈、色彩明快、装饰美观等;小孩房间的家具造型色彩跳跃、造型小巧圆润等。材质的软硬、色彩的冷暖、装饰的繁简等都会引起人们强烈的心理反应,所以,现代家具设计因人而异,更讲究个性化,订做方式的家具设计与生产将更多地出现在家具的生产与流通中。

因此,良好的家具设计可以减轻人的劳动,节约时间,使人身体健康,心情愉悦,而良好的家具设计得益于正确地使用人体工程学原理。

三、人体工程学在建筑设计中运用

主要要求学生理论联系实际,把人体工程学中的具体知识运用到设计之中,这里的很到具体是看学生的思维方式,那么是个相对比较理性的行为,具体来说老师对于学生

设计的思维的把握,看成教学的重点。

居室并非以大为荣,古人早就说过“室雅何须大”,客厅、卧室、厨房、洗手间的尺度首先要适宜,然后再谋求人性化的设计,使之亲切近人。下面以120平方米以内普通商品房为例,来看看各个居室功能空间的合理尺度。

卧室:面宽应在米以上

卧室的面宽同样不能太小,现在的潮流是:人们已不习惯将床摆在窗下,或者摆在卧室的一角。许多家庭都将床置于卧室中间,床的顶端靠墙,左右两边都要留有过道,这样,夫妻两人就可以从左右两侧分别起床,不至于影响对方。床的末端同样要留有过道,而且还应考虑摆放电视的位置,这已成为新的时尚。

床的长度不应小于2米,由此可知,卧室的面宽应保持在米至米以上。洗手间:面积4平方米即可

近年来,住宅中的洗手间有越来越大之势,这样的趋势并不好。另有一些住宅,设计了三四个洗手间,功能重复,华而不实,专家对此颇有微辞。

通常而言,120平方米以内的两居室,设计两个洗手间便足矣。主洗手间的尺度应略大一点,以彰显现代生活品位,但是,不能过大,主洗手间的面积6平方米已经非常宽敞舒适了,可以从容安排洗手台、马桶、浴缸或花洒,当然也可以设计成干湿分离式洗手间,将洗浴与如厕分开。

次洗手间的面积应略小于主洗手间,面积约4平方米即可。两个洗手间没必要都采取干湿分离式设计,但是次洗手间最好同样包括如厕与洗浴的双重功能。

客厅:面宽至少米

客厅是整套住宅的核心,属于家庭内的公共交往空间,大多数客厅之中均需摆放沙发、电视、茶几等物品。从前的居室设计人员,多把客厅的面宽设计为4米以内,现在看来,这已不符合当今的生活潮流。

现代家庭中30英寸以上的彩电比比皆是。据科学家测算,人体与彩电之间的距离,应相当彩电屏幕宽度的7倍以上,由此可知,客厅的面宽至少应为米,而且客厅内至少应有两面连贯完整的墙壁,以便从容摆放沙发、电视柜等家具。否则,你不能安排大彩电。

厨房:面宽不小于米

厨房在家庭中必不可少,而且担负着特殊的任务,它既是家庭中的劳动密集型空间,也是技术密集型空间,这里分布着大量的管道和新型设备。

既然厨房是劳作的空间,那么,它必须满足人体工程学的要求。厨房的面宽最好不小于米,否则刨去一侧摆放的厨具灶具,人的活动空间便非常拥挤了。假如,厨房的面宽达到米以上时,便可以双向布置厨具与灶具,这是很科学的尺度。激战正酣的欧洲杯已经到了决赛阶段,比赛越来越激烈,一场不落的球迷们每夜都沉迷于那些精彩的进球之中。

而当你兴致正浓的时候,是否考虑到了你家的隔音效果呢?欢呼声与呐喊声会从各种缝隙传出屋外,是否能让这些快乐的“噪音”不打扰别人呢?这就要看你家的装修材料与装修水平了。不管怎样,隔音已经成为现代装修选材时必须考虑的问题,不论是屋外的喧闹声,还是屋内的杂音,都要把它消灭。

把头顶上的脚步声消弭隔音主体:墙顶隔音材质:隔音吊顶

几乎所有住在楼里的业主都有这样的困扰,楼上住户的脚步声很让人心烦,特别是晚上入睡时,很容易就被突如其来的楼上脚步声吵醒,醒了就很难再睡着了。这种声音尤其体现在像有欧洲杯这样大赛的日子里,实在不好干涉人家,总不能不让人家在自己家里走路吧。

请注意,千万不要留着空空的天花板不管,那样就太可惜了。其实解决办法很简单,就是用专业的隔声材料做专门的隔音吊顶。

一般来说,天花板最好也是吸音与扩散兼具,当然,您必须把做天花板的预算编入房屋装潢费里。否则,天花板随便一做就是一两万,可以采用轻钢架加矿纤板的方法,这是最简单的天花板处理,也是最省钱的处理。

隔音效果:★★★增加费用:上千元不等施工难度:★★★★把宁静留给隔壁隔音主体:墙壁

隔音材质:隔声毯、厚窗帘、吸音棉、壁纸

现在的楼房普遍没考虑“隔音设计”,相邻两户房间只隔一墙,互相可以听见对方声音,严重侵扰了家庭生活的私密性,影响生活质量。目前高层塔楼的隔墙一般采用轻质隔墙,带来的相应问题是隔墙的隔音量下降。人们也曾尝试过补救办法,比如

用吸音棉和石膏板做一层隔墙,但效果很不好。因为这还是用吸音来代替隔音,好的吸音不隔音,好的隔音不吸音。

根本解决办法还是使用专业的隔声材料,比如新近引进的静香系列隔声毯,其单层N80型隔声毯的隔音达到了20dB,这种材料具有非常优异的宽频隔声特性和高阻尼性,可以有效隔绝各类空气传声,用它与石膏板、吸音棉组合而成的隔声墙的隔声效果就非常好。在墙面装修上,最好让墙面有些凹凸,比如使用壁纸、壁布等材料来做些装饰,它们的降噪效果都非常好。

如果想吸音,不必满满的整个墙面都吸音,只要大约在喇叭与聆听位置中间处吸音就可以。这片吸音的面积大概要多大?至少要有1~公尺宽,墙面2/3高度高。吸音材料的厚度呢?您不能用一般窗帘那么薄的布料吸音,因为效果不好。至少都要有厚绒布的厚度才可以。而且,如果您要像窗帘一般吊在侧墙,请注意要打皱摺,就像窗帘的处理一样。若是不想用布料来吸音,有什么其他的材料能够使用吗?可以用布绷吸音棉,做成一块块的吸音体;也可以吊绵羊毛;还可以用各种您想得出来的软质材料来吸。不过请注意,千万不要以为钉木板可以吸音,木板表面是平的,与原来的墙无异。木板本身很硬,也与墙无异,它不会有吸音的作用。

隔音效果:★★★★增加费用:较少施工难度:★★★不让地板发出吱吱声隔音主体:地面

隔音材质:软木地板、木纤维静音地板、厚地毯

如今居家地面处理大概都是大理石、瓷砖或木质地板。为了降低从地板反射上来的声音,还是需要在喇叭与聆听位置之间的这块地上铺上可移动的厚地毯。为什么需要厚地毯呢?因为厚地毯的吸音效果才够,如果您只想用小块薄地毯,那将只有装饰作用,而没有实质的吸音作用。各地的纺织批发市场上肯定都有,只要是那种厚地毯,而且是羊毛的,买比较便宜的机器织品就可以,不必买到纯手工织的,因为那会贵很多。

说到强化地板,软木静音地板增加了其它地板所不具备的吸音降噪功能。由于软木具有优越的声传播特性和阻尼性能,软木静音地板不仅能吸收踩踏地板时发出的声音,还能对不同楼层起到隔音作用,因而您可以尽情释放个性,夸张地手舞足蹈一回，无须担心楼下邻居的造访;另外,超实木地板也可以带来全新的实木听觉,它内含的全新木纤维静音系统可以将室内噪音降低一半。

隔音效果:增加费用:较少

施工难度:比较大让门没有声音隔音主体:门隔音材质:桥洞力学板

门往往是家中制造噪音的一个“主力”,有时即使是很轻地关门,仍可听到重重的声音,这就是因为门的材质并非隔音材质,才会造成这样的噪音。

“桥洞力学板”是德国制造的一种全新的高科技门芯板,其独特的管状结构,能有效地隔音,管状结构中存留的空气类似保温瓶与隔音玻璃的原理,可达到相当于30~44dB的隔音效果。

隔音效果:★★★★增加费用:较少施工难度:★★让室内管道彻底失噪隔音主体:管道隔音材质:隔声毯

随着PVC排污管的使用,它的排水噪声非常响。声音可以达到60~70dB。一般方法:将管道包起来,中间填一些吸音材料。但效果很差,基本不起到什么作用。解决这类问题的方法可以用隔声毯。其工艺方法是:将隔声毯裁成100mm宽的小条，单面涂上胶,螺旋着缠在排污管上,这作为第一层,然后再用吸声材料包裹一层,最后在吸声外面再螺旋包裹一层隔声毯,这种方法解决管道噪声很彻底。

隔音效果:★★★增加费用:几千元不等施工难度:★★★★LINK:制造静音的施工技巧

制作隔音吊顶和隔音墙时,建议用吸音棉+石膏板形式,石膏板内面胶粘隔声材质,龙骨的空间部分填些吸音棉。

无论是隔声吊顶、墙壁隔声还是管道隔声,对每个家庭来讲都是一件不大不小的工程。应用隔声材料隔声,最关键是做到“满铺”,不要遗留缝隙,否则效果就不好。有的家里墙上装了空调碍事,有的家里打了从地到顶的落地柜碍事,有时窗帘盒碍事,这些问题都要业主事先安排好,不得已为了“隔音”也许要移装或废弃掉一些东西。

人体工程学教案主讲:萧喻

授课班级:设计(环艺授课时间:

英语试讲课件 篇2

单位：

班别： 姓名：

Junior

Unit14 The birth of a festival

Ⅰ.Teaching aims 1.Talk about festival and customs

2.Practice expressing and supporting an opinion 3.Introduced a festival of China

Ⅱ.Knowledge aims Words: harvest, honors, ancestor, creatively, generation, purpose, faith, commercial, similar, salute, celebration…..Phrases:

hear about, so that, as well as, believe in, get together, play a trick on sb… Sentence:

1.Kwanzaa was born in 1966, when people created a new festival so that African American would be able to celebrate their history and culture.2.The African first-fruit festivals had many things in common.3.We must do as much as we can to make our community better and more beautiful.4.Since Kwanzaa is a time for learning as well as joy, people celebrate it

by lighting a candle each day and discussing one of the seven principles of Kwanzaa.Grammar hear about=learnt about

hear of sb.=have a knowledge of sb.have much/great faith in sb./sth.have little/no faith in sb./sth.keep faith with sb.as well as+clause

do as much as sb.can do have honour to sb.=do honour to sb.(do sb.honour)

Ⅲ.Teaching key and difficult points:

Teaching key: understand the text and using your own words to retell the text.Difficult point：how to use phrases: as well as, so that, have … in common.IV.Teaching aids:

1)Raising question approach 2)Discussion approach

3)task-based approach

*Teaching means: use the multi-media as an assistant means in teaching.Ⅳ.Teaching steps: Step 1 Lead-in

1）Have a free talk about festival in China, and then discuss the question in Pre-reading on page 10.1.How does your family celebrate the Spring Festival? 2.Why do we celebrate the Spring Festival? 3.Do festivals help us understand our history and culture? 4.What kind of gifts and things do people buy during major festival like Christmas and the Spring Festival? 2）Show the student 3 pictures about Kwanzaa and then discuss what’s the picture about ?

Step 2 Listening comprehensions

1)Present the students the questions before listening to the text.2)Get the students to listen to the tape and then answer the following questions.① Why did people create Kwanzaa? ② Many festival around the world are celebrated around the same time.Why do we celebrate these festivals at these times?

Step 3 Fast reading

1)Tell the students the task of reading before they read the text.2)After reading then summary the main idea of this text.Step 4 Language points

Phrases: hear about, seven-day, celebrating, get together, so that, have…in common, harvest, honour, as well as, as much as we can do, believe in, so that, keep faith with, show honour to sb., in honour of.Sentence: 1.Kwanzaa was born in 1966, when people created a new festival so that African American would be able to celebrate their history and culture.2.The African first-fruit festivals had many things in common.3.We must do as much as we can to make our community better and more beautiful.4.Since Kwanzaa is a time for learning as well as joy, people celebrate it by lighting a candle each day and discussing one of the seven principles of Kwanzaa..Step 5 Intensive reading

1)Tell the students the task of reading before they read the passage once again.2)Get the students to read the passage more carefully and then discuss the following questions in groups.① Compare Kwanzaa with the Chinese Spring festival and Christmas.In which way are they similar and in which war are they different? ② Look at the seven principle of Kwanzaa.Which one do you think is the most important? Why? Are there any other festivals which have one or more of the same principles?

Step 6 Task—based activity 1)Ask the students act as an announcer and introduce Mid-autumn festival to the class.2)Show some picture for the students to watch.3)Give them some key words.August, traditional, Mid-autumn festival, moon cakes, Chang E, celebrate, get together, big dinner.4)Give the students an example when necessary.Step7 Summary

1)Go through the important points and difficult points of this lesson with the students once again.2)Come to the screen ① To know about the brief history of the Kwanzaa.② To get more information about the Kwanzaa.③ To master the important words, phrases and sentences.④ To retell the text.Step 8 Homework 1)Finish some exercises.2)Write a passage about a festival of China.3)Preview Lesson15.

英语试讲课件 篇3

阅读试讲教案

Grade level: First grade of High school Lesson type: Reading Duration: 45min Teaching objectives 1)To help students develop their reading skills, such as scanning and skimming for information, guessing the meaning of strange words 2)Enable students to understand the difficult sentences and new phrases in the passage

3)Affective objectives:（根据文章内容而定）Teaching aids Multimedia devices;blackboard Teaching important and difficult points: 1)Understand the following sentences: 2)Grasp the usage of the following words and phrases: 3)Enable students to use certain reading skills to help themselves understand the passage Teaching procedures Step 1 Lead-in(5min)Show students several pictures of … and ask the students to describe the pictures./ Ask students to think about and answer the questions on the blackboard.(Good morning, boys and girls.How is your day? Fine? Good for you. we will learn a new lesson.Before looking at the textbooks, I’d like to show you some pictures(a video)/ask you some questions/tell you a story.Describe what you see in the picture Do you know anything about……? What’s your opinion about……? Any volunteers? Ok, please, share your idea with us.Very good/brilliant/excellent!We already know your ideas about the topic.Now let’s try to find out what’s the author’s idea about the topic.)Step 2 Pre-reading Listening.(5min)

Ask Ss to listen to the tape and answer two questions:(Listen to the tape carefully and try to answer the following questions.1)what does the passage talk about? 2)…….Ok.You have listened to the whole passage.Do you have your answers to the question? Good, John, please.(复述学生答案)This is John’s idea, how about other students? Ok, Lynn.Good.You think ……….Thank you.I believe you all have got your own answers.You must be curious about whether it’s correct or not.)Step 3 While-reading(25min)Activity 1 Skimming & Scanning Ask the students to read the passage quickly and answer the following questions:(Now read the passage quickly within 2 minutes and find out whether you are right or not.Meanwhile, try to answer the questions on the blackboard.(板书问题)：1）2）

Have you finished your reading.Yes? Good.First, have you found out the main idea of the passage? How about Lisa? Very good.It is about ……….How about the questions? Have you found the answers? Volunteers? Good, please.You think ……..excellent, thank you.)Activity 2 Intensive reading Ask the students to read the passage carefully, and get detail information from the passage.(As you have got the main idea of the passage, let’s move on to learn some details of the passage.Now you have 5 minutes to read the passage carefully and discuss with you partners about the following questions.1)2)Ok, I’d like to invite group 3 to answer the questions.That’s really impressive.You already have a very thorough understanding of the passage.From your answers, I can see you already understand the passage quite well.So I’d like to move on to the analysis of some difficult sentences and the usage of some phrases.Take a look at the second sentence in Paragraph 1.Pay attention to…….Is it clear? Good.Activity 3 Read together Ask the students to read the passage together.(Do you have any questions about the passage? No? If no, let’s read the passage aloud together.)Step 4 Post reading(5min)(Debate, interview, role-play, retell the story)Ask the students to have a discussion on ….(Very good.You read really well.Now I have another task for you.We have learnt …… today, …………… have a discussion with your partner.After the discussion, I’ll invite some of you to share your ideas with us.I can see that you have finished your discussion.Anyone wants to share with us? ok, Jack.Good.you think from the perspective of …..Do you have other ideas? Yes, please.Excellent.This is an very interesting answer.)Step 5 Summary(4min)Invite students to summarize what they have learnt in the class.Teacher makes supplementary comments, and stress the importance of …

(Guys, you’ve done a great job.At last, let’s sum up what we have learned today.Who would like to have a try? Jenny, please.)Step 6 Homework(1min)

1)Ask the students to consider the question: 1)2)/ask the students to search more information about …Write an email to your friend.2)Write a short passage and use the new words and expressions as many as possible.3)Read the passage again and try to retell the passage.4)Search the Internet and find more information about…

(Thank you, you really did a good job.Is that clear to all of you? Okay, at last, here comes your assignment.First, please retell this passage to your desk mate.Secondly, please search on the Internet to find more information about the amber room and we will share your findings next class.Here comes the bell.Class is over.See you next class.)

语法试讲教案

Grade level: First grade of High school Lesson type: Reading Duration: 45min Teaching objectives 1)Help students to learn the usage of ….2)Help students to grasp the sentence pattern of…..Teaching aids Multimedia devices, blackboard Teaching important and difficult points 1)the sentence pattern of… 2)some special cases 3)enable students to use … in real life Teaching procedures Step 1 Lead-in(5min)Show some pictures to the students and ask them to describe the picture.引导学生运用语法项目

Step 2 Explanation(18min)

Explain the usage of ….Present several examples of the grammar item.Step 4 Practice(15min)Ask the students to do the exercises.Step 3 Summary(4min)Invite students to summarize the usage of … Make some supplements and stress the important points.Step 5 Homework(3min)Ask students to finish related exercise on the textbook.Ask the students to write a passage about ….(You have all done a really good job today.I believe you already have a good knowledge of /master the knowledge of…..For homework, you are required to complete exercises on page 201 and to write a passage about ….[I’d rather you search more information about… and some of you will be invited to share your findings with us in the next class.] Clear? Ok.See you next class.)

写作试讲教案

Grade level: First grade of High school Lesson type: Reading Duration: 45min Teaching objectives 1)enable students master the procedure of writing this kind of composition 2)improve students’ writing skills 3)help students to get more knowledge of …

Teaching aids Multimedia devices, blackboard Teaching important &difficult points 1)Help students to express their ideas in proper English 2)Help students to learn the structure in English writing Teaching procedures Step 1 Warming-up(5min)Show some pictures of … to the students and ask what do they know about … Then lead the students to the topic of writing.(Good morning, boys & girls.How are you doing? Fine? Good.Now let’s start our new lesson.Here I have some pictures for you.Do you know what’s in the picture?)Step 2 Pre-writing(10min)Activity 1: vide Ss some questions about the topic and ask them to discuss the questions in group and write down every idea that comes to their mind.After discussion, invite representatives of each group to present their ideas to the whole class.Activity 2: planning.Encourage Ss to work on their own to repot ideas that they think are valuable and think about how to organize their ideas.Step 3 While-writing(20min)Ask the students to write down their own articles.Step 4 Post-writing(7min)Ss will work in group and read each other’s composition.They should choose the best composition of the group and read it in front of the class.Step 5 Writing assessment(2min)Ask Ss: What’s you most difficult thing during the whole process?(difficult to organize the ideas in a logical way;you feel brainstorm is difficult, difficult to provide persuasive reasons to support the idea)Step 6 Homework(1min)1)Here are some handouts I prepared for you.Read it after class, I believe you can find answers towards your questions.2)Improve your composition according to the handout.听力课试讲教案

Grade level: First grade of high school Lesson type: Listening Duration: 45 min Teaching objectives 1)Enable students to master different listening skills 2)Help students to learn more about …..Teaching aids: Multimedia devices;blackboard Teaching important and difficult points 1)Help students to understand the listening material 2)Encourage students to apply listening skills when listening to the material Teaching procedures Step 1 Warming-up(2min)Show some pictures to the students and have a free talk with the students.Step 2 Pre-listening(5min)

Organize the students to have a brief discussion about the topic.Invite some students to share their ideas with the class.Predict the main idea of the passage.After that, present new words and expressions to the students.Step 3 While-listening(25min)1)Listen for main idea Ask Ss to listen to the passage but do not look at the questions, ask them to get the main idea of the passage.Invite students to share their ideas.2)Listen for answers to the exercises/detailed information

Ask Ss to listen to the passage again.This time ask them to try their best to get answers to the questions.After listening, check whether Ss get the correct answer, and ask why.3)Play the tape again, focus on the part where they did not get the right information.Do you have any questions? Step 4 Post-listening(10min)Show them the listening text and ask them to read it aloud together.Step 5 Summary(2min)In this period, we mainly focus on the listening ability.It’s very important.If your listening is poor, you’d better practice more.The more you listen to English, the better your listening is.Remember: Practice makes perfect.Step 6 Homework(1min)

1)Read the listening texts again and try to retell the passage in your own words 2)Search more information about ….口语课试讲教案

Grade level: First grade of high school Lesson type: Speaking Duration: 45 min Teaching objectives 1)Students will be able to use some important words and expressions 2)Students will be able to express their ideas or thoughts clearly.Teaching aids Multimedia devices;blackboard Teaching important and difficult points 1)Help Ss to master the expressions of giving advice: 2)Talk about … by using …

Teaching procedures Step 1 Warming-up Show Ss some pictures of … and ask students to describe what they are doing.Step 2 Lead-in Play the tape and ask Ss to listen to the dialogue.Ask Ss to predict what we will learn today.Step 3 Provide key sentence patterns & expressions Provide Ss useful sentence patterns and expressions to express …..Step 4 Role-play/ Discussion

Give the Ss a situation, and ask the Ss to work in pairs and make up a conversation.Ask the Ss to discuss the topic with their partners.After that, invite Ss to present their ideas in front of the class.Step 5 Summary In this period, we mainly focus on how to….It’s very important.You should know how to … in real life after this period.You should memorize the useful expressions we learned today.I hope you can practice more after class.Remember: practice makes perfect.Step 6 Homework 1)Collect more expressions and sentence patterns that can be used to express …..2)Find a partner to practice how to … in different situations.词汇课试讲教案

Grade level: First grade of high school Lesson type: Vocabulary Duration: 45 min Teaching objectives 1)Enable students to know the meaning of new words and grasp the usages of such important new words 2)Enable Ss to use such new words in their own writing or speaking Teaching aids Multimedia devices;blackboard Teaching important and difficult points 1)Explain the meaning and usage of the words to the students 2)Enable Ss to use the new words when they express themselves Teaching procedures Step 1 Lead-in Revision.Last period, we have finished the reading of the passage.Now we will learn the new words in the passage.Let’s look at the underlined/italic/bold words.Step 2 Guess

Ask Ss to guess the meaning of the words in the context.Or give students some examples and ask Ss to guess the meaning of the words.Step 3 Explanation

Explain the meaning of the words to the Ss.After explanation, present the usage of the words to the students and provide examples to help them understand how to use them.Step 4 Practice Ask the students to make sentences with new words by themselves.Invite Ss to share their sentences with the whole class.Step 5 Summary This, period, we have learnt several new words:...we have learnt the usage of these new words.I hope you will memorize these words, as well as the usage of these words.I suggest you use the new words as often as possible.In this way, you will know how to use the words, instead of only knowing the meaning of the words.Step 6 Homework 1)Look up these new words in the dictionary, and get more meanings and usage of them in the dictionary.2)Finish Exercise 2 on page 11.

英语试讲课件 篇4

31.Teaching aims:

Knowledge Objective:

Vocabulary and Listening

1.ss can grasp the usage of the new words ,phrases and sentence structures.2.Students learn how to make comparison between things.Ability Objective: Students enable to improve their listening and speaking ability.Emotional Objective:

Ss can cultivate the logical thinking of turning and contrast 2.Teaching important point : Students know more about the comparison and how to improve their listening ability.3.Teaching difficult points: Ss enable to listen effectively and use comparisons correctly.4.Teaching methods : Audio-lingual method 5.Teaching procedures: Step1.Lend-in 1.Check the words previewing in A1.2.Vocabulary learning in A1.3.Race to answer the A1.4.Check the answer:

Step2 Pre-listening Work in pairs to predicate the A2, each group give its predicative answer.Step3 While-listening 1.Extensive listening: listen to the tape, race to answer the A3.2.Careful listening: listen again, finish A4, each group give its final answer.3.Check the answer and praise the winner.Step4 Post-listening Work in groups to retell what you hear in the conservation.Step6.Summary & homework

Review the new words and listen the conversation where you feel confused again Blackboard Design Teaching Reflection

Vocabulary and Listening T: Good morning, my dear class.Nice to see you,,we are going to learn vocabulary and listening at page 16.Step2.vocabulary learning(part 1)nstruction: 建造，建筑.the process of building things such as house,bridges,roads,ect.(construct)2.Crowded: too full of people or things(拥挤的)3.Fascinating: charmming, appealing.4.Freeway: a wide road on which cars travel can fast 5.Huge:extremely large in size,amount or degree 6.Inhabitants:the people who live in a particular place 7.Similarity: the opposite of difference 8.Unfortunate: a person who suffers misfortune.

英语试讲课件 篇5

英语巩固学习

The Fifth Period

Writing Teaching goals 教学目标 1.Target language目标语言 a.重点词汇和短语

CV, post, qualification, referee, personal qualities, apply for, in response to b.重点句式

I am writing in response to your advertisement for a temporary position as a waiter.I would be grateful if you could send me more information about the post(s)available.2.Ability goals 能力目标

Enable the students to write a letter of application.Enable the students to write a CV.3.Learning ability goals 学能目标

Help the students learn how to write a job application and a CV.Teaching important & difficult points教学重难点 What is a CV and how to write it? Teaching methods教学方法 Task-based method and pair work.Teaching aids教具准备 A computer and a projector.Teaching procedures & ways教学过程与方式 Step I Revision Check the homework.T: I asked you to write a short passage about the questions: Are there any jobs that women can’t do? And why can’t they do them? Who would like to read your passage? Sample passages: 1.In my opinion, there are many jobs that women can’t do.They don’t have enough strength and sometimes they are timid.Even a mouse can frighten them.Many jobs need bravery and strength.英语巩固学习资料

英语巩固学习

2.I don’t think there are any jobs that women can’t do.Women can fly to space, reach the Antarctic, and climb the highest mountain Qomolangma.In every field, such as medicine, military, science, computer, intellectual and so on, there are many famous women.Women are especially good at doing some small jobs while men can’t do them well, because men’s fingers are too big.Step II Writing

T: Yesterday we have read a passage about applying for a job.What are the necessary things that you must let the boss know? Ss: Your school education, language you speak, your character and experiences.T: Good.But do you know how to write a good application? Is it similar to the introduction that we hear when two strangers meet? Ss: I think they have something similar.T: But they have many differences.Let’s look at the rules of writing an application.When writing an application, you should make your application serious.Please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey what he wants.Pay attention to the following rules: Show the following on the screen.1.Use plain words to make your application easily understood.Introduce your age, education and qualification, work experience and your special skills, personal qualities, and interest.Don’t introduce something that is not related to the application.2.You bust be honest and confident.You should introduce yourself as you are and should have enough confidence.3.Make your application neat and beautiful.“Dress makes the man.(佛要金装，人要衣装)” The handwriting is very important.A good and neat handwriting will make a good impression on the boss.4.A letter of an application should be formal.Don’t use oral words.Try to use some formal expressions.T: In order to improve our writing, I have found some sentence patterns.They are very useful when you write an application.Read and remember the sentence patterns on the screen.英语巩固学习资料

英语巩固学习

1.At the beginning: some reasons and motivation I wish to apply for the job you are offering in...Learning from...that you are looking for..., I should like to apply for the post.I am writing this letter in the hopes that you will be able to offer me...2.In the middle: introduce yourself I graduated from...in 2003.I am majoring in.../ My major is...I am experienced in driving cars.I am twenty-three and had two years’ experience in my present post as...3.At the end: ask some information about interview and connecting ways I shall be glad to call for an interview at any time.I hope to have the pleasure of an interview.I look forward to your call at 66182347.Yours respectfully / faithfully / truly...T: Now turn to page 18.Read the five temporary job offers in Exercise 1 and the letter of application under them.Judge which job the writer is applying for.After the students finish reading.Ss: The writer is applying for the post of waiter in Major Catering Company.T: You are right.Now write a letter asking about one of the other jobs.Give the students 10 minutes to write the letter.10 minutes later.T: I will ask some students to read your letter of application.Jane, would you like to read you application? A sample writing: Dear Sir or Madam, I am a student from No.1 Middle School of Tengzhou.I am glad to learn that you want sales staff.I am quite interested in it.I think I am fit for the job.As a student, I have read a lot and have much knowledge in many fields.I am fond of fashion design and do well in speaking English and writing.Above all, I am about 1.7 meters tall and outgoing.I can always get on well with others.So I am sure I can do the job well if I 英语巩固学习资料

英语巩固学习

get the position.I am looking forward to your reply.Yours faithfully, Jane T: OK, let’s look at another example.假设你是新华中学的学生李华，得知某英文报招聘兼职记者，你有意应聘，请按下列要点给报社写一封自荐信。表示感兴趣

说明优势：知识面，英语水平，合作精神，相关经历 希望得到回复 注意：

1.词数：100左右

2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯.3.开头已给出。Dear Sir or Madam, T: Before you start, read the request carefully.Try to use the sentence patterns we learned just now.In order to write it well, you can make an outline.Make sure what you must write and what you can add.At the same time, pay attention to your handwriting.Give the students 10-15 minutes to read the request and write an application.The teacher can ask some students to read their applications and then give them one version as reference.A sample version: Dear Sir or Madam, I am a student from Xinhua Middle School.I am glad to learn that you want a few part-time English reporters.I am quite interested in it.I think I am fit for the job.As a student, I have read a lot and have much knowledge in many fields.I am fond of English and do well in both speaking and writing.Besides, I am easy to get along with and enjoying working together with others.Above all, I once worked as a reporter for my school broadcasting station.So I 英语巩固学习资料

英语巩固学习

am sure I can do the job well if I get the position.I am looking forward to your reply.Yours faithfully, Li Hua Step III Writing(WORKBOOK)T: What is a CV? Have you heard of it? Ss: No.T: C stands for curriculum which means the courses you learn.V stands for Vitae.Vitae is the plural form of vita, which means a short biographical account.When they are put together, they mean简历in Chinese.Give the students a few minutes to read the questions and the information on how to write a CV in Exercise 14.After the students finish reading.T: Why do people need a CV? Ss: People need a CV when they apply for a job.T: What are the three most important things that should be on a CV? S1: I think the three most important things are education background, qualification and personal qualities.T: Read the curriculum vitae on the left, and then work in pairs to ask your partners questions using the headings in Exercise 15 and make notes.A few minutes later.Ask two students to ask and answer questions.A sample dialogue: A: Can you tell me something about your education? B: OK.From 1995 to 1999, I studied in Peking University and in 2001 I got a master’s degree in the same university.A: What personal qualities do you have? B: I am healthy.I am hardworking and I get along well with my workmates.I like helping others.Besides, I am punctual and I am never late for appointments.A: What are your interests?

英语巩固学习资料

英语巩固学习

B: I like reading and playing basketball.A: Call you tell me about your working experience? B: I have worked in Beijing People’s Hospital since my graduation.T: Now write a short CV for your partners, using the notes you just made.You will be given 5 minutes to finish it.A sample version:

Curriculum Vitae Name: Li Huawu Address: 33 People’s Street, Xicheng District, Beijing Telephone: 130XXXXXXXX Date of Birth: 5 May，1977

Education: 1995-2001 Beijing University

Qualification: June 1999: Bachelor’s Degree of Science June 2001: Master’s Degree of Science Work Experience:

July 2001-2005 Beijing People’s as a doctor.Personal qualities:  Hardworking  Work well with others  Very strong and healthy  Always on time  Always help others

Interests: Basketball;reading Other information:

Experience of using computers;Certificate in First Aid Referees:

1.Headmaster: Medicine Department of Beijing University 2.Mr.Ma Wenjun: Chief Doctor in Beijing People’ Hospital Step IV Homework T: Finish Exercise 2 in TASK on page 20.Next time we meet, I will ask some of you to 英语巩固学习资料

英语巩固学习

read your lists to the class.So much for this module.Bye!A sample list: Ten most useful jobs for China’s future: Internet Marketing Specialists, Teachers, Home Health Aides, Biological Scientists, Physical Trainers, Landscape Architects, Social Workers, Web Developers, Intellectual Property Attorneies, Child Care Assistants

英语巩固学习资料

英语试讲课件 篇6

设计结构素描

环艺11本单号课题一：第一章：设计结构素描概论与基础知识第三章：设计结构素描的绘画要素（第一节、准确得描绘能力第二节.结构分析能力能力）

课时安排：32学时（理论4学时，实践28课时（两部分14+14））

第一部份(4学时)设计结构素描概论与基础知识

目的要求：通过对传统素描与设计素描概念的对比分析讲解，使学生在原来造型认识的基础上进一步建立造型感性和理性认识结合分析的观念，理解设计素描的学习目的和方法，并结合课题式的分组练习，通过比例、透视、光影、结构等知识点的学习，掌握三围立体物象在平面二围中的塑造要素，以及不同观察方法给造型带来的变化，从而提高认识和审美，锻炼技能技巧，为下一步学习做铺垫。

教学重点：设计结构素描与应试素描的差异性认识、观察方法教学难点：思维方式的转变

教学方法：采用讲授与辅导相结合的方法，配合范画和多媒体教学，并根据学生的不同特点，指导完成作业。

教学要求：通过讲解使学生理解设计结构素描与应试素描的差异性认识，正确的观察物象教具准备：多媒体课件范画

一、素描的基本定义、目的

1、素描是造型艺术基本功之一，是以线条或块面进行造型的绘画形式，以煅炼观察和用单色表达形体透视、结构关系、体块关系、动态关系、明暗关系为目的的造型训练方式。同时素描又是可以成为独立的艺术形式，能够生动的表现物体、人物、风景、象征符号、情感、联想、创意或构想。由此可见素描的概念并非像我们想象的那么简单。

2、素描有着多种多样的形式，概念的更新可以扩大视野，全因素素描并非是提高素描能力惟一有效有训练方式。我们可以在速写中锻炼线条，在结构素描中培养透视形体结构的眼力，在单因素的线条训练中把握情绪的表现。总之，素描的训练应根据具体的目的来选择有效的方式。

那么，素描的目的是什么呢？由素描的定义可知，素描是造型艺术的基本功，是进入造型艺术之门和不断进取的必由之途。素描是造型艺术的基本功，然而造型艺术又细分为许多种，正像纯艺术领域里国画、油画、版画、雕塑的素描训练各有不同的追求，设计专业也一样，视觉传达专业不同于工业设计专业，服装专业有别于环境艺术专业，这种专业差别，远胜于纯艺术领域内各专业的差别，因为各个设计专业的研究对象大不相同。所以，入门后的素描学习，是为了专业上的进取。明确地把握专业方向，根据专业要求，提高自己的素描表现能力，是素描学习关键。

二、素描的本质

1、素描是一种能力训练，是眼与手的协同训练，认知与表现的同步训练。

2、素描是一种视觉语言，它表现生理的眼睛所见所感的事象与印象，也表现心理的“视觉”所视所思的意象与想像。

3、由单纯的线条造型到丰富的明暗塑造、光影规律、透视法则、构图原理，同时还巧妙地演绎着素描表现的所有可能性――在二维的平面上营造三维立体，在静止的画面上表现延展的运动关系。

4、视觉表现的欲望其实与生俱来，它潜藏于人的意识里，而素描能使人获得视觉表现的自由。就人类思维平衡发展的理想而论，素描一如语言文字，本该是人所皆能的最基本的“视觉语言”。

5、所谓视觉思维，正是对非语言的，直接的视觉形象的认知与把握。素描的训练，便是培养这种认知方式。以设计专业所要求的人才素质来讲，应是能够在两种思维模式之间灵活切换的，因为设计不仅考虑艺术性，更要考虑功能的合理性。因此，必须重视两种思维模式的平衡运用与发展。

三、不同概念的素描

素描即是一个相当宽泛的概念。从素描的定义来讲，素描既是一门造型基础学科，又是一种艺术表现形式。这便是两种不同定位的素描。前者为研究性素描，后者为表现性素描，也就是我们通常所说的习作与创作。

在素描学习中，明确这两者之间的区别是重要的。

研究性素描的目的在于造型基础能力的训练，通常有明确的课题对象和作业要求，通过对于课题对象细致的观察、描写，提高认知与表现能力。因此，朴素地、如实地描写对象的本质形态特征是作业的基本原则。

表现性素描通常是在性素描基础之上的训练，相对侧得于表现方面的探索，目的不同自然要求不同。

素描作为一种视觉语言所传达的信息，从内容类别来讲可分为两类：生理视觉所捕捉的信息与心理视觉所捕捉的信息。对于这两类信息的命名，有称其为客观素描与主观素描的，然而这种划分很难应用在具体的作品分析上。可以说所有作品都不同程度地包含着主观意识与情感的介入。倘若在承认主观意识、情感介入的前提下来命名，或许将其称为印象素描与意象素描比较确切。印象素描包含所有生理视觉所能捕捉的可视形象描写，包括从朦胧的印象到鲜明的印象。这种素描训练不仅可以包括从研究性素描到表现性素描保个阶段的训练，还可以包括默写训练,速写训练。

意象素描则包含所有心理视觉所能洞察的信息以及主观世界里自动生成的意象。

第二部份(14学时)设计结构素描的绘画要素（第一节准确得描绘能力）

目的要求：通过对传统素描与设计素描概念的对比分析讲解，使学生在原来造型认识的基础上进一步建立造型感性和理性认识结合分析的观念，理解设计素描的学习目的和方法，并结合课题式的分组练习，通过比例、透视、光影、结构等知识点的学习，掌握三围立体物象在平面二围中的塑造要素，以及不同观察方法给造型带来的变化，从而提高认识和审美，锻炼技能技巧，为下一步学习做铺垫。教学重点：准确、观察方法与角度教学难点：手眼配合能力

教学方法：采用讲授与辅导相结合的方法，配合范画和多媒体教学，并根据学生的不同特点，指导完成作业。

教学要求：通过讲解使学生理解设计结构素描与应试素描的差异性认识，正确的观察物象教具准备：

范画

1、首先我们看到的形象都是从某一角度所见的视觉形象。视觉形象是经过透视增减、变形之后的形象，并非原来的本形。我们认识和描绘形象是以视觉形象为依据，为出发点的。认识和描绘视觉形象离不开对透视现象的认识的表现。这是因为，透视现象及规律虽然不是形体本身的特点，但形体特征的视觉形象却受透视规律的制约和支配。

为了更明确透视的意义，不防列一个简单公式：

客观形象＋透视现象＝视觉形象

画家对视觉形象的认识＋素描表现技法＝素描形象

在素描写生过程中，认识和表现透视现象是一个不可避免、不可忽视的重要环节。

2、对形体结构特征准确的理解与表达

准确是造型的基础，在素描训练中，加强学生对形体内部结构的正确理解与准确到位的表达能力的培养，这是造型基础训练的基本要求。形体剖析结构素描训练，是以比例尺度概念、形态的组合及过渡规律、三维空间概念、形态的分析与认识等方面为重点，由物体的表象到本质，重视体会由形体结构的分析理解到理性认识的思考过程，在对形体结构进行具体剖析时，为了便于观察，将形态“透明化”，运用物体比例关系，透视原理，来增强理解物体的外在与内在结构特点。结构是形的内在本质构造．特定的结构决定了特定的外形特征，所以结构不是感性的，直觉的；而主要是知解的、悟性的，并与视觉概念紧密相关的。结构素描本身不是目的，它只是一种方法的训练，是获取视觉信息的良好手段．因此，重过程轻结果，重分析轻描绘

3、多角度多层面的观察与分析

客观形体是处于三度空间的立体状态，要在一个固定的角度和获得其总体的、复杂多变的形体构造是很难的。为了对客观形体进行深入的研究了解，以便形成对该形体明晰而稳固的视觉概念，也为了发掘对象内在的本质和潜在的因素，有必要对形体进行反复的、多角度的、多方位的、多层次的、分析性的、研究性的描绘。

很多物体的内部结构往往比外在的形式更具特征、更富本质，只有透彻地理解内部的构造，才能更准确、更明晰肯定地体现外部形态。在结构描绘中强调深入对象内部，进行剖析描绘和拆卸描绘。

结构分析有助于我们理解形体和空间之间的微妙关系。它将培养我们对物体内在的生长机制的自觉关注，使我们从某一种确定的描绘过程中感受到了内在结构的世界。

第三部份(14学时)设计结构素描的绘画要素（第二节.结构分析能力能力）

目的要求：通过对传统素描与设计素描概念的对比分析讲解，使学生在原来造型认识的基础上进一步建立造型感性和理性认识结合分析的观念，理解设计素描的学习目的和方法，并结合课题式的分组练习，通过比例、透视、光影、结构等知识点的学习，掌握三围立体物象在平面二围中的塑造要素，以及不同观察方法给造型带来的变化，从而提高认识和审美，锻炼技能技巧，为下一步学习做铺垫。

教学重点：结构的把握、分析、拆解能力教学难点：1、对形体结构分析、理解和表现

2、分析物体外表结构和内部结构的剖析描绘

教学方法：采用讲授与辅导相结合的方法，配合范画和多媒体教学，并根据学生的不同特点，指导完成作业。

教学要求：通过讲解使学生理解设计结构素描的形体结构分析解构能力教具准备：

范画

习作：完成多角度素描两组，每组不少于四张

静物写生注意：静物的结构特点及透视的变化课题二：第三章：设计结构素描的绘画要素（第三节：空间概念的认识）

第四章：综合训练（第一节：线性描绘第二节：空间建构第四节：设计结构素描拓展练习与总结）

课时安排：28学时（理论4学时，实践24课时）

第一部份(4学时)设计结构素描的绘画要素（第三节：空间概念的认识）目的要求：通过对设计结构素描绘画要素讲解，使学生在原来造型认识的基础上进一步建立结构分析和理性认识结合的观念，并结合课题式的分组练习，用不同观察方法给造型带来变化。教学重点：线的概括。二维空间准确表达三维空间教学难点：空间的自我建构教学方法：采用讲授与辅导相结合的方法，配合范画和多媒体教学，并根据学生的不同特点，指导完成作业。

教学要求：通过讲解使学生理解设计结构素描绘画元素，空间感觉的建立教具准备：多媒体课件范画教学过程：

静生写生中，如何把握确立空间感，是一个难题。那么怎样理解掌握画面的空间感呢？不管任何物体放置在平（台）面上，其与平（台）面的接触点都在平面上，也就是说物体与台面接触点（面）不会超越立面与平面的交界线。我们在作画初（构图时）先确定上下两个面的交界线，也就确定了一个空间。然后把物体放置在平面上，根据焦点透视原理，确定每一个物体与平（台）面的接触点（面），分清前后左右的关系。这样空间感就出来了。然后，再注意用线的虚实、面的转折虚实及“近实远虚”的透视原理加强空间感，又物体投影的前后左右的虚实变化对空间感的体现很重要。立体感

一、三大面、五大调子

物体立体感也是个难题。物体在光线的照射下产生产体感。那么，在作画时，就要去找出物体的明暗交界线，先确立明暗两在面（块）。再画出投影，物体的立体感就已经很强了。接下去把“三大面”、“五大调子”都找出来，物体的立体感也就塑造完毕。那么在结构素描中如何体现“三大面”、“五大调子”为体现空间感的重点。

二、质感、量感

质感简单说就是物体给人感觉是什么质地。量感就是物体的份量、重量感。质感与量感一般情况都是混合在一起的。质感表现出来了、量感也就容易出来。

如何表现质感，一般说细腻、柔和、光滑的物体用细一点的线条去表现，如瓷器、丝绸等；表面粗糙的物体宜用粗放的线条去表现，如陶器、粗布等，还可根据物体固有色的深浅，使用B数大一点或小一点的铅笔来表现质感量感，如浅色瓷器可用B-3B来表现，深色陶器可用4B、5B先铺大关系，再结合2B、3B来刻划一下细节。但在设计结构素描中只要考线的粗、细、硬、软来表现。难度更加大些，需要作画者运笔自如。

第二部份(24学时)综合训练（第一节：线性描绘第二节：空间建构第四节：设计结构素描拓展练习与总结）目的要求：通过对设计结构素描绘画要素讲解，使学生在原来造型认识的基础上进一步建立结构分析和理性认识结合的观念，并结合课题式的分组练习，用不同观察方法给造型带来变化。教学重点：空间的把握、分析、拆解能力教学难点：1、对形体空间结构分析、理解和表现

2、分析物体外表空间结构和内部空间结构的剖析描绘

教学方法：采用讲授与辅导相结合的方法，配合范画和多媒体教学，并根据学生的不同特点，指导完成作业。

教学要求：通过讲解使学生理解设计结构素描空间结构分析解构能力教具准备：

范画

习作：多角度空间素描两组，每组不少于四张静物写生注意：静物的空间结构特点及透视的变化

教学后记：

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